MAJOR DAMS AND RESERVOIRS OF INDIA

Location: Across river Mahanadi 15 km from Sambalpur in Orissa.

Type: Composite dam (earth, masonry and concrete dam)

Length: 

Main dam :- 4800 m,

Earthen dykes:- 25800 m

Height: 60.96 m

Reservoir:

Gross storage: 5896 Mm³

Live storage: 4823 Mm³

Spillway: Ogee (overflow) spillway (Gated – 34 radial gates)

Benefits:

(i) Irrigation : 235477 ha

(ii) Power: Installed Capacity is 259.5 MW

(iii) Flood control

3) UKAI DAM:

Location:

This dam is located near village Ukai at fort Songarth, district Surat and Tapi district. It is constructed across rive Tapi. It is the largest reservoir in Gujarat.

Type: Earth-cum masonry dam

Length: Embankment wall is 4927 m long

Height: 80.77 m

Reservoir: Gross storage: 7414.29 Mm³

Live storage: 6729.89 Mm³

Spillway: Gated ogee with ski-jump (22 Radial gates)

Benefits:

i) Irrigation and flood control

ii) Hydropower :

Installed capacity: 300 MW

4 units of 75 MW each

4) SARDAR SAROVAR DAM:

Location: It is located near village Navagam district Rajpipala in Gujart. It is constructed on Narmada river. It is the largest dam and part of the Narmada Valley Project.

Type: Concrete, gravity dam (second largest concrete gravity dam by volume after Grand Coulee Dam in US).

Length: 1210 m

Height: 163 m

Narmada Control Authority gave the final clearance to raise the height from 121.92 m to 138.68m.

Reservoir: Total capacity – 7,701,775 acre-ft/9,500 Mm³

Active capacity – 4,702,137 acre-ft/ 5,800 Mm³

Spillway: Ogee spillway

Benefits:

Multi-purpose project

Irrigation 1.79 Mha of land in areas of Kutch and Saurashtra in Gujarat, 75000 ha land in the arid districts of Barmer and Jalore of Rajasthan and 37,500 ha land in the hilly tribal region of maharashtra by lift irrigation. There is provision of 0.131 Mha-m of water for domestic water supply.

Power: Installed capacity: 1450 MW

6 units of 200 MW each (River-bed-powerhouse)

5 units of 50 MW each (Canal head power house)

Others flood control, water supply, recreation, etc.

5) IDUKKI DAM:

Location: Idukki dam is constructed across the river Periyar at Idukki Kottayam district of Kerala.

Type: Double curvature arch dam in concrete

Length: 366m

Height: 169m

Reservoir:

Gross storage: 2106.8 M.cu.m.

Live storage: 1544.5 M.cu.m.

Spillway:

There is no spillway at Idukki dam. The excess water is discharged over a spillway on the adjacent Cheruthoni dam.

Benefits:

Power: 6 units of 130 MW each

Installed capacity 780 MW

6) NAGARJUNASAGAR DAM:

Location:

Across river Krishna near Nandikonda village in Nalgonda district about 144 km from Hyderabad in Andra pradesh.

Type: Stone masonry and earthen dam.

Length : Stone masonry – 978 m, Spillway – 472 m, Earthen – 3415 m

Height: 124m

Reservoir:

Gross storage: 11538.7 M.cu.m.

Live storage: 6797 M.cu.m.

Spillway: Ogee spillway (Gated – 26 radial gates)

Benefits:

i) Irrigation : 0.83 Mha

ii) Power: 1 unit of 110 MW

7 unit of 100.8 MW 706 pumped storage

Installed capacity 816 MW

7) TEHRI DAM:

Location: Tehri dam is located at new Tehri town, Tehri district, Uttarkhand constructed across river Bhagirathi

Type: Earth and rockfill dam

Length: 570 m

Height: 261m

Reservoir:

Gross storage: 3539 Mm³

Live storage 2615 Mm³

Spillway: Open channel chute spillway (Gated – 7 Tainter gates)

Benefits:

Irrigation and Power generation

Power:

Installed capacity – 1000 MW

Max. planned – 2400 MW

8) KOYNA DAM:

Location: Across river Koyna at Deshmukhwadi near Helwak in Satara district of Maharashtra, Dam is about 240 km South of Mumbai.

Type: Rubble concrete dam (Gravity dam)

Length: 808m

Height: 103m

Reservoir:

Gross storage: 2775.33 Mm³

Live storage: 2676.6 Mm³

Spillway: Controlled spillway, Tainter gates

Benefits:

Power generation and some irrigation

Power:

Stage 1 – 4 units of 70 MW each

Stage 2 – 4 units of 75 MW each

Stage 3 – 4 units of 80 MW each

Stage 4 – 4 units of 250 MW each

Foot power house 2 x 20 MW each

Installed capacity: 1960 MW each

9) TUNGBHADRA DAM:

Location: This dam is located near Hospet town Karnataka and has been constructed across river Tungbhadra.

Type: Masonry dam with central spillway section and earth dam and composite dam on the left side.

Length: 2449m (Non overflow 1748 m, spillway 701m)

Height: 49m

Reservoir:

Gross storage 3767 Mm^3

Live storage 3701 Mm^3

Spillway: Ogee type spillway (Gated-33 Nos.)

Benefits: Irrigation and hydropower

Power: Installed capacity 126 MW(14 units of 9 MW each)

10) GANDHI SAGAR DAM:

Location: Across river Chambal about 8 km downstream of Chaurasigarh fort in Mandsaur district near Jhalawar Road Railway station Madhya Pradesh.

Type: Straight gravity stone masonry dam

Length: 514 m. (Non overflow 260m, Spillway 254 m)

Height: 62.17 m

Reservoir: Gross storage 7746 Mm^3

Live storage 6920 Mm^3

Spillway: Ogee spillway (Gated – 10 vertical gates)

Benefits:

Irrigation: 222585 ha. (In Madhya Pradesh from Kota Barrage).

Power: 5 units of 23000 KW each

11) KRISHNARAJA SAGAR DAM:

Location: Krishnaraja Sagar dam is located at Krishnaraja Sagara, Karnakata, constructed Cauvery river (tributaries Hemavathy and Lakshamanathirtha)

Type: Masonry dam

Length: 2621m

Height: 43m

Reservoir:

Gross storage 1368.8 Mm^3

Live storage 1244.2 Mm^3

Spillway: Ogee type (Gates – 152 Lift gates)

Benefits:

Irrigation, hydropower and recreation.

12) RIHAND DAM:

Location: Across river Rihand near village Pipri in Mirzapur district Uttar pradesh 46 km South of its confluence with river Sone.

Type: Straight gravity concrete dam

Length: 934m

Height: 91.4m

Reservoir:

Gross storage – 10600 Mm^3

Live storage – 8970 Mm^3

Spillway: Ogee type (Gated – 13 Tainter gates)

Benefits:

Power: 6 units of 50 MW each

13) RANA PRATAP SAGAR DAM:

Location: Across river Chambal 51.5 km upstream of Kota Barrage and 56.33 km Gandhi Sagar Dam in Madhya Pradesh.

Type: Stone masonry gravity dam

Length: 1143.29m

Height: 53.96m

Reservoir:

Gross storage: 2900 Mm³

Live storage: 1567 Mm³

Benefits:

Irrigation 0.1214 Mha (in Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan from Kota Barrage)

Power: 4 units of 43000 KW each

14) RANJIT SAGAR DAM:

Location: Across river Ravi, Gurdaspur district, Punjab

Type: Earth core rockfill dam

Length: 878m (Non overflow 661 m, spillway 217 m)

Height: 160 m

Reservoir:

Gross storage: 3670 Mm³

Live storage: 2340 Mm³

Spillway: Controlled gated ogee (12 Radial gates)

Benefits:

Irrigation, hydropower and flood control.

Power Installed capacity: 600 MW

(4 units of 150 MW each)

15) RAMGANGA DAM

Location: Across river Ramganga 3.2 km upstream near Kalagarh in district Garhwal of Uttarkhand

Type: Masonry, earth and boulder fill dam

Length: 743 m (Non overflow 630 m, Spillway 113 m)

Height: 128 m (above the lowest point of foundation)

Reservoir:

Gross storage: 2196 Mm³

Live storage: 1941.5 Mm³

Spillway: Chute spillway (5 Tainer gates)

Benefits:

Irrigation: 65900 ha.

Power: Installed capacity 198000 KW (3 units of 66 MW each)

16) INDIRA SAGAR DAM:

Location: This dam is located in Khandwa district of Madhya pradesh and constructed across the river Narmada

Type: Concrete gravity dam

Length: 653 m

Height: 92 m

Reservoir:

Gross storage: 12,200 Mm^3

Live storage: 9,750 Mm^3

Benefits:

Power: Installed capacity 1,000 MW (8 units of 125 MW each)

and Irrigation in 1230 km² land

Indira Sagar Dam has the biggest reservoir in India